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What Is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?

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Summary

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ADHD stands for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. It’s a brain condition that makes it hard for kids to focus, sit still, and control their impulses. Kids with ADHD might seem extra energetic, easily distracted, or have trouble following directions.

Frequently Asked Question

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What causes ADHD?

The exact cause of ADHD is not known, but research suggests that a combination of genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors may play a role.

 

 

What are the symptoms of ADHD?

The symptoms of ADHD can include difficulty paying attention, forgetfulness, impulsiveness, hyperactivity, and disorganization. These symptoms must be present for at least 6 months and must impact daily functioning in order for a diagnosis of ADHD to be made.

 

 

What are the treatments for ADHD?

Treatment for ADHD may include medication, behavioral therapy, lifestyle changes, and support from friends, family, and other loved ones. The most effective treatment plan will depend on the individual and may include a combination of these strategies.

 

 

Scientific Definition

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning and development. These symptoms typically manifest before age 12 and occur in multiple settings, such as home and school. ADHD affects approximately 5-10% of school-aged children worldwide.

 

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Video Explanation

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Treatment for ADHD

Managing ADHD often involves a multi-faceted approach. Here are some common treatments that can help kids with ADHD:

  • Medication: Stimulants or non-stimulants can help manage symptoms. A child struggling to focus in class might see improvement with the right medication.
  • Behavior therapy: Teaches kids coping skills. A therapist might work with a child to develop a reward system for completing homework without distractions.
  • Parent training: Equips parents with strategies. Parents might learn to break tasks into smaller steps, making it easier for their child to follow through.
  • School accommodations: Tailored support in the classroom. A teacher could allow a child with ADHD to take movement breaks during long lessons.
  • Lifestyle changes: Healthy habits can make a difference. Establishing a consistent bedtime routine might help a child with ADHD settle down more easily at night.

Long-term outlook for kids with ADHD is generally positive with proper support. Many learn to manage their symptoms effectively as they grow, leading successful and fulfilling lives.

Symptoms of ADHD

ADHD symptoms can vary but often fall into three main categories: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Here’s a quick breakdown:

  • Inattention signs: Easily distracted, forgetful in daily activities
  • Hyperactivity signs: Fidgeting, trouble sitting still
  • Impulsivity signs: Interrupting others, difficulty waiting their turn
Symptom Category Examples
Inattention Daydreaming, losing things often
Hyperactivity Excessive talking, always “on the go”
Impulsivity Blurting out answers, making careless decisions

These symptoms often show up in different settings, like home and school. It’s important to remember that all kids can show these behaviors sometimes, but for kids with ADHD, they’re more frequent and interfere with daily life.

This post was originally published on Feb. 5, 2023. It was updated on Aug. 11, 2024.