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Candidate genes are genes scientists think might be related to a specific trait or condition, like autism or ADHD. They look at these genes closely to see if they play a role in causing the trait or condition.
Can candidate genes be treated?
No, you can’t “treat” candidate genes, but understanding them can help guide personalized therapies and strategies for your child.
Are candidate genes the only cause of autism?
No, autism is a complex condition influenced by a variety of factors, including environmental and other genetic elements.
How can understanding candidate genes help my child?
Knowing about candidate genes can help tailor early interventions like behavioral therapy and medication, improving your child’s developmental outcomes.
Why are candidate genes important in medical research?
Studying candidate genes allows scientists to understand better the genetic basis of diseases and develop targeted therapies. This approach can lead to more personalized medicine, improving treatment efficacy and reducing side effects.
In genetics, candidate genes are genes identified as potentially contributing to a particular phenotype or trait, such as a disease or developmental disorder, based on their known biological function or location within the genome. Researchers study these genes to determine if their variations or mutations are associated with an increased risk of developing the trait in question. Identifying candidate genes is an important step in understanding the genetic basis of complex conditions like autism spectrum disorder and ADHD.
Candidate genes themselves do not directly cause symptoms; rather, variations or mutations in these genes may contribute to the development of certain conditions. The specific symptoms an individual experiences will depend on the condition associated with the candidate gene in question. Here are some examples:
| Disorder | Characteristics |
|---|---|
| Autism Spectrum Disorder | Social communication difficulties, restricted interests, repetitive behaviors. |
| Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) | Inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity. |
| Intellectual Disability | Delays in cognitive development, adaptive functioning challenges. |
| Specific Learning Disorders | Difficulties with reading, writing, or math skills. |
It’s important to remember that the presence of a candidate gene variation does not guarantee the development of a specific condition, and the severity of symptoms can vary widely among individuals.
This post was originally published on Sept. 17, 2023. It was updated on April 14, 2024.
