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What is Autonomic Nervous System?

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Summary

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The Autonomic Nervous System is like a helper for our body. It takes care of things we don’t have to consider, like our heartbeat and breathing. It’s essential for everyone, including kids with special needs, because it helps our bodies work well and stay balanced.

Frequently Asked Question

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How does the Autonomic Nervous System affect kids with special needs?

For kids with special needs, the ANS plays a role in regulating stress, emotions, and physical responses, which may be helpful in managing unique challenges and supporting their well-being.

Is the Autonomic Nervous System always involuntary, or can we control it?

While the ANS mostly controls involuntary functions, some practices like deep breathing and meditation can help influence its activity, allowing us to manage stress and promote relaxation.

How does the Autonomic Nervous System relate to the "fight or flight" response?

The “fight or flight” response is activated by the Sympathetic Nervous System, a part of the ANS, which prepares our body for action or to find safety in stressful situations.

Scientific Definition

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The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is a crucial part of our body’s nervous system. It controls many involuntary functions, like heart rate, breathing, digestion, etc. It has two main branches: the Sympathetic Nervous System, which readies our body for action, and the Parasympathetic Nervous System, which calms us down. The ANS helps our bodies respond to different situations by maintaining balance or “homeostasis.” For kids with special needs, understanding the ANS can help us support them better as they navigate their unique challenges.

Real World Example of Autonomic Nervous System

Susie is a 10-year-old girl with special needs. She experiences heightened sensitivity to her surroundings. Here’s a story that showcases how her Autonomic Nervous System helps her throughout a day at school:

  • Morning: Susie’s Parasympathetic Nervous System is active during breakfast, aiding her digestion before school.
  • Recess: While playing tag, her Sympathetic Nervous System kicks in, increasing her heart rate and breathing to match her physical activity.
  • Fire drill: The sudden loud noise triggers Susie’s fight or flight response. Her ANS helps her body prepare for action or to find a safe place.
  • Calming down: Her teacher guides her through deep breaths after the drill. Susie’s Parasympathetic Nervous System takes over, lowering her heart rate and helping her relax.
  • After school: Susie joins an art class where she feels relaxed and happy. Her ANS continues to work, maintaining balance and supporting her well-being.

This story shows how Susie’s Autonomic Nervous System adapts to different situations, helping her navigate her day with special needs. 

How Does Autonomic Nervous System Work?

The Autonomic Nervous System works behind the scenes to keep our body running smoothly. It responds to changes in our environment and adjusts to keep us balanced. Here are some examples of how the ANS works:

  • Heart rate: When we exercise, our heart beats faster. The ANS adjusts our heart rate to match our body’s needs.
  • Breathing: The ANS helps control our breathing. If we’re stressed, it makes our breaths faster and shallower to prepare for action.
  • Digestion: It helps our body digest food. When relaxed, the ANS ensures our stomach and intestines do their job.
  • Stress response: The ANS activates our “fight or flight” response in a stressful situation, readying us for action or to find safety.

Understanding how the Autonomic Nervous System works can help parents support their special needs children in managing stress, emotions, and physical responses to various situations. Goally can be a valuable tool for kids with special needs by helping them build life and language skills. Fun apps like digital visual schedules, AAC, and gamified learning may support their Autonomic Nervous System in managing stress and promoting overall well-being.

 

This post was originally published on May 11, 2023. It was updated on July 14, 2023.